Differences

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--- dagesh [2024/10/23 08:51] – jeffd
+++ dagesh [2024/10/24 05:58] (current) – jeffd
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-====== Use of Dagesh ======
+====== Dagesh ======
+==== a dot placed in the middle of a letter ====
-\\\
+Introduced in [[Lesson 4]]
-<WRAP right box centeralign round 50%>
+===== Two “Types” of Dagesh =====
-<wrap big :he>בּגּדּכּפּרּתּ</wrap>
-</WRAP>
-===== BeGaD KiPoReT Letters =====
-**Dagesh Qal** (the Hebrew term), the "Weak Dagesh", or **Dagesh Lene** (the Latin term, more common in grammars) is a dot that appears within one of the BGD KPRT consonants to indicate the harder (plosive) form of the [[double]] letter, in preference to the fricative (spirantized) form.  The double letters are:
+  * See [[Dagesh Lene]] - Weak Dagesh, only in the Double Letters (BGDKPRT).
+  * See [[Dagesh Forte]] - Strong Dagesh, indicates doubling (gemination) in any non-guttural letter.
-[[bet]], [[gimel]], [[dalet]], [[kaf]], [[peh]], [[resh]], [[tav]].
-Resh is only sometimes treated as a double letter, anciently in a few rare circumstances in Bible manuscripts, and in medieval mystical texts.
-In modern Hebrew, only [[bet]], [[kaf]], and [[peh]] retain a distinction in pronunciation.
-A **Dagesh Lene** will usually appear when one of the double letters begins a word, or when it begins a new syllable (usually after a closed syllable ending in a silent [[shewa]])
-The **Dagesh Lene** can also appear as the second of a two-consonant cluster of a closed syllable at the end of a word, when both it and the preceding consonant include a silent [[shewa]].  (Example: <wrap :he>שָׁמַרְתְּ</wrap>, sha-mar-t)
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 Vav does not take a dagesh, but a dot inside of it (which looks exactly like a dagesh) marks it as a [[matres lectionis|matre lectionis]].  See: [[Shuruq]].
-\\\
-<WRAP right box centeralign round 50%>
-<wrap big :he>זּטּיּלּמּ
-נּסּצּקּשּ</wrap>
-</WRAP>
-===== Other Letters =====
-The **Dagesh Ḥazaq** (Hebrew), "Strong Dagesh", "Doubling Dagesh", or **Dagesh Forte** (Latin, more commonly used in grammars) is used to indicate doubling (gemination) of a consonant, which also means that it form the ending of a closed syllable with the preceding consonant and vowel, in addition to acting as the beginning a new syllable.
-Letters which can take a Dagesh Forte include any of the BGDKPRT letters, and most of the other letters as well:
-[[zeyin]], [[tet]], [[yod]], [[lamed]], [[mem]], [[nun]], [[samek]], [[tsadi]], [[qof]], [[shin]].
-A **Dagesh Forte** can only exist in a medial position; it cannot begin or end a word.
-\\\
-<WRAP right box centeralign round 50%>
-<wrap big :he>א ה ח ע ר</wrap>
-</WRAP>
-===== Guttural Letters =====
-Guttural letters cannot take a **Dagesh Forte**.  They cannot be doubled.  The letter [[resh]] has some exceptions to this, as it isn't fully treated as a guttural.
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